After Olson, 1975, 1985, Olson & Rasmussen, 2001, Feduccia, 1980, 1996, and Storer, 1976, 2000, 2001
<==o Podicipediformes (Fürbringer, 1888) (grabes; uikkulinnut) `--o Podicipedidae Bonaparte, 1831 (grabes; uikut) |-- †Miobaptus walteri |?- †Pliolymbus baryosteus Murray, 1967 |--+?- †Thiornis sociata Navás, 1922 [Podiceps sociatus (Navás, 1922) Olson] | |--o Tachybaptus Reichenbach, 1853 (pikku-uikut) | | |-- T. ruficollis (Pallas, 1764) (pikku-uikku) | | |-- T. novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) (australianuikku) | | |-- T. pelzelnii (Hartlaub, 1861) (madagaskarinuikku) | | |-- T. dominicus (Linnaeus, 1766) (kääpiöuikku) | | `-- T. rufolavatus (Delacour, 1932) (alaotrajärvenuikku) | `--o Podilymbus Lesson, 1831 (kirjonokkauikut) | |-- †P. mujusculus Murray, 1967 | |-- †P. wetmorei Storer, 1976 | |-- †P. gigas Griscom, 1929 (guatemalanuikku) | `--o P. podiceps (Linnaeus, 1758) (paksunokkauikku) [P. magnus] | |-- †P. p. magnus [P. magnus] [Pleistocene] [synonymous to P. p. podiceps?] | |-- P. p. podiceps (pohjoisamerikanpaksunokkauikku) | `-- P. p. antarcticus (eteläamerikanpaksunokkauikku) `--+--o Poliocephalus Selby, 1840 | |-- P. poliocephalus (Jardine & Selby, 1827) (mustaniskauikku) | `-- P. rufopectus (G.R. Gray, 1843) (uudenseelanninuikku) `--+--o Rollandia Bonaparte, 1856 (titicacanuikut) | |-- R. microptera (Gould, 1868) (titicacanuikku) | `--o R. rolland (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (valkotöyhtöuikku) | |-- R. r. chilensis (Chilean Grebe) | `-- R. r. rolland (Falkland Grebe) `--+-- Podicephorus major (Boddaert, 1783) Bochenski, 1994 [Podiceps major] (isouikku) `--+--o Aechmophorus Coues, 1862 (meksikonuikut) | |-- A. occidentalis (Lawrence, 1858) [A. clarkii occidentalis??] | `-- A. clarkii (Lawrence, 1858) [A. clarkii clarkii??] (meksikonuikku) `--o Podiceps Latham, 1787 [Pliodytes Brodkorb, 1953] (silkkiuikut) |-- †P. oligocaenus (Shufeldt) |-- †P. subparvus (Miller, L. & Bowman, 1958) |-- †P. parvus (Shufeldt) |-- †P. dixi Brodkorp, 1963 |-- †P. discors Murray, 1967 |-- P. grisegena (Boddaert, 1783) (härkälintu) |-- P. cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (silkkiuikku) |--+?- †P. sp. aff. P. auritus [incl. P. pisanus (Portis, 1888); P. howardae Storer, 2001; Pliodytes lanquisti Brodkorb, 1953] | |-- P. auritus (Linnaeus, 1758) (mustakurkkuuikku) | `-- P. nigricollis C.L. Brehm, 1831 (mustakaulauikku) |-- †P. andinus (Meyer de Schauensee, 1959) (Colombian Grebe) |-- P. taczanowskii Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1894 (juninjärvenuikku) |-- P. gallardoi Rumboll, 1974 (huppu-uikku) `--o P. occipitalis Garnot, 1826 (hopeauikku) |-- P. o. juninensis (Junin Grebe) [P. taczanowskii??] `-- P. o. occipitalis (Silvery Grebe)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196 - Feduccia, A., 1997: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996, x-420 - Holdaway, R. N., Worthy, T. H. & Tennyson, A. J. D., 2001: A working list of breeding bird species of the New Zealand region at first human contact.
–New Zealand Journal of Zoology: Vol. 28, pp. 119-187 - Olson, S. L., 1975: Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: Vol. 23, pp. iv-49 - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Olson, S. L. & Rasmussen, P. D., 2001: Miocene and Pliocene birds from the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina. 233-365
in Ray, C. E. & Bohaska, D. J., (eds.) 2001: Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, III.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: Nr. 90, iii-365 - Peterson, A. P., 2002-2004: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data of Birds. (Updated: 2004-12-24)
–iNet: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data: http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/frame.html; [visited: 2005-01-21] - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111. - Storer, R. W:, 1976: The Pleistocene pied-billed grabes (Aves: Podicipedidae). 147-153
in Olson, S. L. (ed.), 1976: Collected papers in avian phylogeny honoring the 90th birthday of Alaxander Wetmore.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: No. 27, xxvi-211 - Storer, R. W., 2000: The systematic position of the Miocene grabe Thiornis sociata Navás.
–Ann. Paléontol.: Vol. 86, #2, pp. 129-139 - Storer, R. W., 2001: A new Pliocene grabe from the Lee Creek Mine. 227-231
in Ray, C. E. & Bohaska, D. J., (eds.) 2001: Geology and paleontology of the Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, III.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: No. 90, iii-365