After Griffins, 1999, with species from Peterson, 2002-2004 and Finnish vernacular names from Lokki, Jännes & Nikander, 1992
<==o Caracarini [Polyborinae] (karakarat) |-- †Badiostes patagonicus Ameghino, 1895; L. Mioc. SSA. |--+-- Deptrius ater Vieillot, 1816 (mustakarakara) | `--o Caracara Merrem, 1826 [Polyborus] (töyhtökarakarat) | |-- †C. creightoni | |-- †C. lutosus (Ridgway, 1876) (guadalupenkarakara) | |-- †C. latebrosus | `--o C. plancus (J.F. Miller, 1777) [Polyborus planchus; C. planchus] (Töyhtökarakara) | |-- C. p. cheriway (Jacquin, 1784) (Crested Caracara) | |-- C. p. planchus (J.F. Miller, 1777) (Southern Caracara) | `-- †C. p. prelutosus `--+-- Ibycter americanus (Boddaert, 1783) Vieillot, 1816 [Deptrius americanus] (naurukarakara) `--+-- Milvago chimango (Vieillot, 1816) (ruskokarakara) |-- Milvago chimachima (Vieillot, 1816) Spix, 1824 (vaaleakarakara) `--o Phalcoboenus Orbigny, 1834 (etelänkarakarat) |-- P. carunculatus Des Murs, 1853 (viirukarakara) |-- P. megalopterus (Meyen, 1834) (inkakarakara) |-- P. albogularis (Gould, 1837) (patagoniankarakara) `-- P. australis /Gmelin, 1788) (rantakarakara)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196 - Feduccia, A., 1996: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, New Haven, 1996, x-420 - Griffins, C. S., 1999: Phylogeny of the Falconidae inferred from molecular and morphological data.
–The Auk: vol. 116, #1, pp. 116 - 130 - Lokki, J., Jännes, H. & Nikander, P. J., 1992: Otavan lintutieto.
–Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava, Helsinki, Finland, 1992, pp. 1-440
Translated from: Perrins, C. M. (ed.), 1990: The Illustrated encyclopaedia of birds.
–Headline Book Publishing Plc., London, England, 1990 - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Olson, S. L. & Hilgartner, W. B., 1982: Fossil and subfossil birds from the Bahamas. 22-57
in Olson, S. L., (ed.), 1982: The Vertebrates from the Bahamas.
–Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology: No. 48, pp. iv-65 - Peterson, A. P., 2002-2004: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data of Birds. (Updated: 2004-12-24)
–iNet: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data: http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/frame.html; [visited: 2005-01-21] - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.