After Olson, 1985, Feduccia, 1980, 1996, and Sibley & Monroe, 1990
<==o Pteroclidiformes (Sand-grouse; hietakanat) `--o Pteroclididae |--o †Archaeoganga [Pterocles] | |-- †A. pinguis | |?- †A. validus | `?- †A. larvatus |-- †Leptoganga sepultus [Pterocles] |--o Syrrhaptes Illiger, 1811 (Arokyyhkyt) | |-- S. tibetanus Gould, 1850 (Tiibetinarokyyhky) | `-- S. paradoxus (Pallas, 1773) (Arokyyhky) `--o Pterocles Temminck, 1815 (Hietakyyhkyt) |-- P. alchata (Linnaeus, 1766) (Jouhihietakyyhky) |-- P. namaqua (Gmelin, 1789) (Namibianhietakyyhky) |-- P. exustus Temminck, 1825 (Savannihietakyyhky) |-- P. senegallus (Linnaeus, 1771 (Täplähietakyyhky) |-- P. orientalis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hietakyyhky) |-- P. coronatus Lichtenstain, 1823 (Kruunuhietakyyhky) |-- P. gutturalis A. Smith, 1836 (Afrikanhietakyyhky) |-- P. burchelli W.L. Sclater, 1922 (Helmihietakyyhky) |-- P. personatus Gould, 1843 (Madagaskarinhietakyyhky) |-- P. decoratus Gabanis, 1868 (Naamiohietakyyhky) |-- P. bicinctus Temminck, 1815 (Kirjohietakyyhky) |-- P. indicus Gmelin, 1789 (Intianhietakyyhky) |-- P. quadricinctus Temminck, 1815 (Saharanhietakyyhky) `--o P. lichtensteinii Temminck, 1825 (Pitsihietakyyhky) |-- P. l. lichtensteinii Temminck, 1825 (Lichtenstein's Sandgrouse) `-- P. l. arabicus (Close-barred Sandgrouse)
Reference(s):
- Feduccia, A., 1980: The Age of Birds.
–Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England, 1980, IX-196 - Feduccia, A., 1997: The Origin and Evolution of Birds.
–Yale University Press, Hew Haven, 1996, - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Peterson, A. P., 2002-2004: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data of Birds. (Updated: 2004-12-24)
–iNet: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data: http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/frame.html; [visited: 2005-01-21] - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.