After Olson, 1985, Sibley & Monroe, 1990, and Peterson, 2002-2004, with Finnish vernacular names from Lokki, Jännes & Nikander, 1992
<==o Charadriidae (kurmitsat) |?- †Viator picis Campbell, 1979 |?-o Belanopteryx Reichenbach, 1852 [Vanellus (Belanopteryx)] (amerikanhyypät) | |-- †B. downsi Campbell, 2002 | |-- †B. edmundi Campbell, 1979 | |-- B. resplendens (Tschudi, 1843) (andienhyyppä) | `--o B. chilensis (Molina, 1782) [incl.? †Dorypaltus prosphatus Brodkorb, 1959] (eteläamerikanhyyppä) | |-- B. c. cayennensis (Cayenne Lapwing) | `-- B. c. chilensis (Southern Lapwing) |--o Vanellus Brisson, 1760 [Afribyx; Tylibyx; Parra; Stephanibyx; Hemiparra?; Hoploxypterus; Xiphidiopterus] (lapwings; hyypät) | |-- V. albiceps Gould, 1834 [Hoplopterus albiceps (Gould, 1834); Xiphidiopterus albiceps (Gould, 1834)] (viiksihyyppä) | |-- V. vanellus (Linnaeus, 1758) (töyhtöhyyppä) | |-- V. crassirostris (Hartlaub, 1855) [Hemiparra?] (pitkävarvashyyppä) | |-- V. armatus (Burchell, 1822) [Anitibyx armatus] (seppähyyppä) | |-- V. spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (kynsihyyppä) | |-- V. duvaucelii (Lesson, 1826) (jokihyyppä) | |-- V. tectus (Boddaert, 1783) [Charadrius tectus Boddaert, 1783; Hoplopterus tectus (Boddaert, 1783); Lobivanellus tectus (Boddaert, 1783); Sarciophorus tectus (Boddaert, 1783)] (afrikantöyhtöhyyppä; mustapäähyyppä) | |-- V. malabaricus (Boddaert, 1783) (intianhyyppä) | |-- V. lugubris (Lesson, 1826) (kulohyyppä) | |-- V. melanopterus (Cretzschmar, 1829) (laidunhyyppä) | |-- V. coronatus (Boddaert, 1783) [Stephanibyx] (kruunuhyyppä) | |-- V. superciliosus (Reichenow, 1886) (ruskorintahyyppä) | |-- V. senegallus (Linnaeus, 1766) [Parra senegalla Linnaeus, 1766; Afribyx senegallus (Linnaeus, 1766)] (tuhkahyyppä; helttahyyppä) | |-- V. melanocephalus (Rüppell, 1845) [Lobivanellus melanocephalus Rüppell, 1845; Hoplopterus melanocephalus (Rüppell, 1845); Tylibyx melanocephalus (Rüppell, 1845)] (etiopianhyyppä; täplärintahyyppä) | |-- V. gregarius (Pallas, 1771) (arohyyppä) | |-- V. leucurus (Lichtenstein, 1823) (suohyyppä) | |-- V. cayanus (Latham, 1790) [Hoploxypterus] (tyllihyyppä) | |-- V. cinereus (Blyth, 1842) (huppuhyyppä) | |-- V. indicus (Boddaert, 1783) (kenttähyyppä) | |-- †V. macropterus (Wagler, 1827) (jaavanhyyppä) | |-- V. tricolor (Vieillot, 1818) (australianhyyppä) | `--o V. miles (Boddaert, 1783) (naamiohyyppä) | |-- V. m. miles (Masked Lapwing) | `-- V. m. novaehollandiae (Australian Lapwing) |--o Pluvialis Brisson, 1760 (kurmitsat) | |-- P. apricaria (Linnaeus, 1758) (kapustarinta) | |-- P. dominica (Statius Muller, 1776) (amerikankurmitsa) | |-- P. fulva (Gmelin, 1789) (siperiankurmitsa) | `-- P. squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758) (tundrakurmitsa) |--o Charadrius sensu lato? | |-- Thinornis novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, 1789) G.R. Gray, 1845 [Charadrius novaeseelandiae sensu Holdaway et al., 2001] [incl. Thinornis rossii (nomen dubium)] (kolotylli) | |-- Erythrogonys cinctus Gould, 1838 [Charadrius cinctus (Gould, 1838)] (australiantylli) | |-- Anarhynchus frontalis Quoy & Gaimard, 1830 [Charadrius frontalis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) sensu Holdaway et al., 2001] (kieronokkatylli) | |-- Phegornis mitchellii (Fraser, 1845) G.R. Gray, 1846 (andienkurmitsa) | |-- Peltohyas australis (Gould, 1841) Sharpe, 1896 (australiankurmitsa) | |-- Elseyornis melanops (Vieillot, 1818) Mathews, 1914 [Charadrius melanops] (mustaotsatylli) | `--o Charadrius Linnaeus, 1758 (plovers; tyllit) [30 Recent species] | |-- C. obscurus Gmelin, 1789 [†?] (uudenseelannintylli) | |-- C. hiaticula Linnaeus, 1758 (tylli) | |-- C. semipalmatus Bonaparte, 1825 (kanadantylli) | |-- C. placidus J.E. Gray & G.R. Gray, 1863 (pitkänokkatylli) | |-- C. dubius Scopoli, 1786 (pikkutylli) | |-- C. wilsonia Ord, 1814 (paksunokkatylli) | |-- C. vociferus Linnaeus, 1758 (amerikantylli) | |-- C. melodus Ord, 1824 (huilutylli) | |-- C. pallidus Strickland, 1852 (ruskovyötylli) | |-- C. thoracicus (Richmond, 1896) (madagaskarintylli) | |-- C. pecuarius Temminck, 1823 (afrikantylli) | |-- C. sanctaehelenae (Harting, 1873) (santhelenantylli) | |-- C. tricollaris Vieillot, 1818 (kolmivyötylli) | |-- C. forbesi (Shelley, 1883) (Forbes's Plover) | |--o C. alexandrinus Linnaeus, 1758 (mustajalkatylli) | | |-- C. a. alexandrinus (mustajalkatylli) | | |-- C. a. nivosus (Snowy Plover) | | `-- C. a. occidentalis (pulmustylli) | |-- C. marginatus Vieillot, 1818 (hietatylli) | |-- C. ruficapillus Temminck, 1821 (ruosteniskatylli) | |-- C. peronii Schlegel, 1865 (sundantylli) | |-- C. javanicus Chasen, 1938 (Javan Plover; jaavantylli) | |-- C. venustus (ruskovyötylli) | |-- C. collaris Vieillot, 1818 (sepeltylli) | |-- C. bicinctus Jardine & Selby, 1827 (ruostevyötylli) | |-- C. exilis Falla, 1978 [C. bicinctus exilis Falla, 1978] | |-- C. falklandicus Latham, 1790 (patagoniantylli) | |-- C. alticola (Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1902) (punantylli) | |--o C. mongolus Pallas, 1776 (ylänkötylli) | | |-- C. m. mongolus (Mongolian Plover) | | `-- C. m. atrifrons (Tibetan Plover) | |-- C. leschenaultii Lesson, 1826 (aavikkotylli) | |-- C. asiaticus Pallas, 1773 (kaspiantylli) | |-- C. veredus Gould, 1848 (gobintylli) | |-- C. modestus Lichtenstein, 1823 [Zonibyx] (rusorintatylli; laidunkurmitsa) | |-- C. montanus J.K. Townsend, 1837 (preeriatylli) | `-- C. rubricollis Gmelin, 1789 (mustapäätylli) |-- Eudromias morinellus (Linnaeus, 1758) C.L. Brehm, 1830 (keräkurmitsa) `--o Oreopholus Jardine & Selby, 1835 (suokurmitsat) |-- O. ruficollis (Wagler, 1829) (andienkeräkurmitsa) `-- †O. orcesi
Reference(s):
- Campbell, K. E., 2002: A new species of Late Pleistocene lapwing from Rancho La Brea, California.
–The Condor: Vol. 104, pp. 170-174 - Holdaway, R. N., Worthy, T. H. & Tennyson, A. J. D., 2001: A working list of breeding bird species of the New Zealand region at first human contact.
–New Zealand Journal of Zoology: Vol. 28, pp. 119-187 - Lokki, J., Jännes, H. & Nikander, P. J., 1992: Otavan lintutieto.
–Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava, Helsinki, Finland, 1992, pp. 1-440
Translated from: Perrins, C. M. (ed.), 1990: The Illustrated encyclopaedia of birds.
–Headline Book Publishing Plc., London, England, 1990 - Olson, S. L., 1985: The fossil record of birds. 79-239.
in Farner, D., King, J. & Parkes, K. (eds.), 1985: Avian Biology. vol VIII.
–Academic Press, New York. 1985. - Peterson, A. P., 2002-2004: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data of Birds. (Updated: 2004-12-24)
–iNet: Zoonomen Nomenclatural data: http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/frame.html; [visited: 2005-01-21] - Sibley, C. G. & Monroe, B. L., 1990: Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world.
–Yale University Press, New Haven & London, 1990. xxiv-1111.