After Frost, 2000-2003 [“The AMNH Amphibian species of the World”] and Grant & Rodríguez, 2001

    Colostethus Cope, 1866
        Prostherapis Cope, 1868
        Phyllodromus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
        Hyloxalus Jiménez de la Espada, 1871
        Hylixalus Boulenger, 1882
        Prestherapis Donoso-Barros, 1965

    Colostethus alessandroi Grand & Rodriguez, 2001

    Colostethus argyrogaster Morales & Schulte, 1993

    Colostethus atopoglossus Grant, Humphrey & Myers, 1997

    Colostethus awa Coloma, 1995

    Colostethus baeobatrachus Boistel & de Massary, 1999

    Colostethus bocagei (Jiménez de la Espada, 1871) Edwards, 1971
        Hyloxalus bocagei Jiménez de la Espada, 1871
        Hylixalus bocagii (Jiménez de la Espada) Boulenger, 1882
        Hyloxalus bocagii Jiménez  de la Espada; Andersson, 1945
        Prostherapis bocagii (Jiménez  de la Espada) Dunn, 1956
        Colostethus bocagei (Jiménez de la Espada) Edwards, 1971
        Phyllobates bocagei (Jiménez de la Espada) Silverstone, 1976
        Colostethus maculosus Rivero, 1991

    Colostethus caeruleodactylus Lima & Caldwell, 2001 [ possibly Group II ]

    Colostethus capurinensis Péfaur, 1993

    Colostethus chalcopis Kaiser, Coloma & Gray, 1994

    Colostethus delatorreae Coloma, 1995

    Colostethus flotator (Dunn, 1931) Maxson & Myers, 1985
        Phyllobates flotator Dunn, 1931
        Phyllobates nubicola flotator Dunn; Dunn, 1933
        Colostethus flotator (Dunn) Maxson & Myers, 1985

    Colostethus fugax Morales & Schulte, 1993

    Colostethus guanayensis La Marca, 1996

    Colostethus jacobspetersi Rivero, 1991
        Colostethus orthius Edwards, 1974
        Colostethus jacobspetersi Rivero, 1991
        Colostethus torrenticola Rivero, 1991

    Colostethus juanii Morales, 1994

    Colostethus lacrimosus Myers, 1991

    Colostethus machalilla Coloma, 1995

    Colostethus maquipucuna Coloma, 1995

    Colostethus mcdiarmidi Reynolds & Foster, 1992

    Colostethus melanolaemus Grand & Rodriguez, 2001

    Colostethus murisipanensis La Marca, 1996

    Colostethus mystax Duellman & Simmons, 1988

    Colostethus parimae La Marca, 1996

    Colostethus parkerae Meinhardt & Parmalee, 1996 [ Group III or Group IV ]

    Colostethus picacho Ardilla-Robayo, Acosta-Galvis & Coloma, 2000 [ Group IV or Group VI ]

    Colostethus praderioi La Marca, 1996

    Colostethus pumilus Rivero, 1991

    Colostethus ramirezi Rivero & Serna, 2000 [ Group IV or Group IX ]

    Colostethus roraima La Marca, 1996

    Colostethus shuar Duellman & Simmons, 1988

    Colostethus stepheni Martin, 1989
        Colostethus baeobatrachus Boistel & de Massary, 1999

    Colostethus tamacuarensis Myers & Donnelly, 1997

    Colostethus tepuyensis La Marca, 1996

    Colostethus thorntoni (Cochran & Goin, 1970) Rivero & Serna, 1988
        Phyllobates thorntoni Cochran & Goin, 1970
        Colostethus throntoni lapsus calami

    Colostethus toachi Coloma, 1995

    Colostethus undulatus Myers & Donnelly, 2001

    Colostethus utcubambensis Morales, 1994

    Colostethus vergeli (Hellmich, 1940) Edwards, 1971
        Hyloxalus vergeli Hellmich, 1940
        Phyllobates vergeli (Hellmich) Cochran, 1966
        Prostherapis vergeli (Hellmich) Dunn, 1956

    Incertae sedis (species officially not yet assigned to any specific Group)

        Colostethus brachistriatus Rivero & Serna, 1986
            Colostethus brachystriatus Rivero & Serna, 1988

        Colostethus chocoensis (Boulenger, 1912) Edwards, 1971
            Hylixalus chocoensis Boulenger, 1912
            Hyloxalus chocoensis (Boulenger) Hellmich, 1940
            Phyllobates chocoensis (Boulenger) Cochran & Goin, 1970
            Prostherapis chocoensis (Boulenger) Dunn, 1956

        Colostethus dunni (Rivero, 1961) Edwards, 1971
            Prostherapis dunni Rivero, 1961
            Phyllobates dunni (Rivero) Silverstone, 1976

        Colostethus goianus Bokermann, 1975

        Colostethus humilis Rivero, 1978

        Colostethus imbricolus Silverstone, 1975

        Colostethus mandelorum (Schmidt, 1932) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates mandelorum Schmidt, 1932
            Prostherapis mandelorum (Schmidt) Donoso-Barros, 1966
            Prostherapis trinitatis mandelorum (Schmidt) Rivero, 1961

        Colostethus nexipus Frost, 1986 [maybe Group IV]
            Colostethus citreicola Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus sanmartini Rivero, Langone & Prigioni, 1986

        Colostethus talamancae (Cope, 1875) Savage, 1968
            Dendrobates talamancae Cope, 1875
            Hylaplesia talamancae (Cope) Brocchi, 1882
            Dendrobates talamancae Cope; Werner, 1901
            Phyllobates talamancae (Cope) Barbour & Dunn, 1921
            Colostethus talamancae (Cope) Savage, 1968 (Copeia: 1968)

    Colostethus vertebralis -group (Group I) [after Rivero, 1990]

        Colostethus elachyhistus Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus idiomelas Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus infraguttatus (Boulenger, 1898) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates infraguttatus Boulenger, 1898
            Colostethus infraguttatus (Boulenger) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus littoralis Péfaur, 1984

        Colostethus mittermeieri Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus peculiaris Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus peruvianus (Melin, 1941) Edwards, 1971 [transferred from Group II]
            Phyllobates peruvianus Melin, 1941
            Colostethus peruvianus (Melin) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus sylvaticus (Barbour & Noble, 1920) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates sylvatica Barbour & Noble, 1920
            Colostethus sylvaticus (Barbour & Noble, 1920) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus vertebralis (Boulenger, 1899) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllodromus vertebralis Boulenger, 1899
            Phyllobates vertebralis (Boulenger) Barbour & Noble, 1920
            Prostherapis vertebralis (Boulenger) Peracca, 1904
            Colostethus vertebralis (Boulenger, 1899) Edwards, 1971

    Colostethus brunneus -group (Group II) [after Rivero, 1990 ]

        ?Colostethus beebei (Noble, 1923) Edwards, 1971
            Hyloxalus beebei Noble, 1923
            Phyllobates beebei (Noble) Silverstone, 1976
            Colostethus beebei (Noble) Edwards, 1971

        ?Colostethus bromelicola (Test, 1956) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates bromelicola Test, 1956
            Colostethus bromelicola (Test) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus brunneus (Cope, 1887) Edwards, 1971
            Prostherapis brunneus Cope, 1887
            Phyllobates brunneus (Cope) Barbour & Noble, 1920
            Colostethus brunneus (Cope) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus kingsburyi (Boulenger, 1918) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates kingsburyi Boulenger, 1918
            Phyllobates intermedius Andersson, 1945
            Colostethus intermedius (Andersson) Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus kingsburyi (Boulenger) Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus kingsburyi (Boulenger) Frost, 2000-2003

        Colostethus marchesianus (Melin, 1941) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates marchesianus Melin, 1941
            Colostethus marchesianus (Melin) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus olfersioides (Lutz, 1925) Edwards, 1971
            Eupemphix olfersioïdes Lutz, 1925
            Phyllobates olfersioides (Lutz) Bokermann, 1967
            Colostethus olfersioides (Lutz) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus trilineatus (Boulenger, 1884) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates trilineatus Boulenger, 1884
            Colostethus trilineatus (Boulenger) Edwards, 1971

    Colostethus alagoanus -group (Group III) [after Rivero, 1990]

        Colostethus alagoanus (Bokermann, 1967) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates alagoanus Bokermann, 1967
            Colostethus alagoanus (Bokermann, 1967) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus capixaba (Bokermann, 1967) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates capixaba Bokermann, 1967
            Colostethus capixaba (Bokermann, 1967) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus carioca (Bokermann, 1967) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates carioca Bokermann, 1967
            Colostethus carioca (Bokermann, 1967) Edwards, 1971

    Colostethus inguinalis -group (Group IV) [after Rivero, 1987 ]

        Colostethus agilis Lynch & Ruiz-Carranza, 1985

        Colostethus dysprosium Rivero & Serna, 1995

        Colostethus erasmios Rivero & Serna, 2000
            Colostethus erasmius lapsus calami?

        Colostethus fallax Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus fraterdanieli Silverstone, 1971
            Colostethus fraterdanielli lapsus calami

        Colostethus furviventris Rivero & Serna, 1991

        Colostethus inguinalis (Cope, 1868) Edwards, 1971
            Prostherapis inguinalis Cope, 1868
            Phyllobates inguinalis (Cope) Barbour & Noble, 1920
            Prostherapis inguinalis Cope; Breder, 1940
            Colostethus inguinalis (Cope) Savage, 1968
            Colostethus inguinalis (Cope) Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus cacerensis Rivero & Serna, 2000; Grant, 2004

        Colostethus latinasus (Cope, 1863) Cope, 1866
            Phyllobates latinasus Cope, 1863
            Colostethus latinasus (Cope) Cope, 1866
            Colostethus latinosus Cope, 1874 (lapsus calami?)
            Phyllobates latinasus Cope; Barbour & Noble, 1920

        Colostethus mertensi (Cochran & Goin, 1964) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates mertensi Cochran & Goin, 1964
            Colostethus mertensi (Cochran & Goin) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus nubicola (Dunn, 1924) Savage, 1968
            Phyllobates nubicola Dunn, 1924
            Phyllobates nubicola nubicola Dunn, 1933
            Colostethus nebicola lapsus calami
            Colostethus nidicola lapsus calami

        Colostethus panamensis (Dunn, 1933) Grant, 2004
            Hyloxalus panamansis Dunn, 1933
            Hyloxalus fuliginosus Dunn, 1931; Dunn, 1940
            Hyloxalus panamensis Dunn, 1933; Dunn, 1940; emend.
            Hyloxalus panamensis Dunn; fide Breder, 1946
            Prostherapis inguinalis Cope, 1868; Breder, 1946
            Phyllobates inguinalis (Cope); Evans, 1947
            Prostherapis inguinalis Cope, 1868; Dunn, 1957
            Prostherapis panamansis (Dunn); Duellman, 1966
            Prostherapis inguinalis panamensis (Dunn); Heatwole & Sexton, 1966
            Prostherapis inguinalis Cope, 1868; Duellman, 1967
            Hyloxalus panamensis Dunn; Savage, 1968
            Colostethus inguinalis (Cope); Savage, 1968
            Phyllobates inguinalis (Cope); Cochran & Goin, 1970
            Colostethus inguinalis Frost, 2000-2003
            Colostethus inguinalis Grant & Rodríguez, L. O., 2001
            Colostethus panamensis (Dunn); Grant, 2004; Comp. Nov.

        Colostethus pratti (Boulenger, 1899) Savage, 1968
            Phyllobates pratti Boulenger, 1899
            Colostethus pratti (Boulenger) Savage, 1968 [Copeia: 1968]

        Colostethus ruthveni Kaplan, 1997

    Colostethus edwardsi -group (Group V) [after Rivero, 1990 ]

        Colostethus edwardsi Lynch, 1982

        Colostethus lynchi Grant, 1998

        Colostethus ruizi Lynch, 1982

    Colostethus fuliginosus -group (Group VI) [after Rivero, 1987]

        Colostethus abditauranticus Silverstone, 1975

        Colostethus anthracinus Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus authracinus lapsus calami

        Colostethus ayarzaguenai La Marca, 1996

        Colostethus betancuri Rivero & Serna, 1991

        Colostethus degranvillei Lescure, 1975

        Colostethus exiscus Rivero & Serna, 2000

        Colostethus faciopunctulatus Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus fuliginosus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1871) Frost, 2000-2003
            Hyloxalus fuliginosus Jiménez de la Espada, 1871
            Hylixalus fuliginosus (Jiménez de la Espada) Boulenger, 1882
            Prostherapis fuliginosus (Jiménez de la Espada) Dunn, 1956
            Colostethus fuliginosus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1871) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates fuliginosus (Jiménez de la Espada) Silverstone, 1976

        Colostethus palmatus (Werner, 1899) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates (Hypodictyon) palmatus Werner, 1899
            Syrrhophus palmatus (Werner) Barbour & Noble, 1920
            Hyloxalus palmatus (Werner) Dunn, 1944
            Prostherapis palmatus (Werner) Dunn, 1957 (Copeia: 1957)
            Phyllobates palmatus (Werner) Cochran, 1966
            Colostethus palmatus (Werner, 1899) Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus palmatus palmatus (Werner) Gorham, 1974
            Hylixalus granuliventris Boulenger, 1919
            Hyloxalus granuliventris (Boulenger) Hellmich, 1939
            Prostherapis granuliventris (Boulenger) Dunn, 1956
            Colostethus granuliventris (Boulenger) Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus palmatus granuliventris (Boulenger) Gorham, 1974

        Colostethus pseudopalmatus Rivero & Serna, 2000

        Colostethus pulchellus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllodromus pulchellum Jiménez de la Espada, 1875
            Phyllodromus pulchellus (Jiménez de la Espada) Boulenger, 1882
            Prostherapis pulchellus (Jiménez de la Espada) Peracca, 1904
            Phyllobates riocosangae Andersson, 1945
            Phyllobates taeniatus Andersson, 1945
            Phyllobates cosangae Peters, 1955
            Colostethus riocosangae (Andersson) Edwards, 1971
            Colostethus taeniatus (Andersson) Edwards, 1971
            Phyllobates pulchellus (Jiménez de la Espada) Silverstone, 1976
            Colostethus tergogranularis Rivero, 1991
            Colostethus pulchellus (Jiménez de la Espada) Frost, 2000-2003

        Colostethus sauli Edwards, 1974

        Colostethus shrevei (Rivero, 1961) Edwards, 1971
            Prostherapis shrevei Rivero, 1961

        Colostethus whymperi (Boulenger, 1882) Edwards, 1971
            Prostherapis whymperi Boulenger, 1882
            Phyllobates whymperi (Boulenger) Barbour & Noble, 1920

    ?Colostethus trinitatis/C. collaris -group (Group VII) [after Rivero, 1990]
        See: Mannophryne

    ?Colostethus alboguttatus -group (Group VIII) [after Rivero, 1990]
        See: Nephelobates]

        Colostethus saltuensis Rivero, 1980

    Colostethus subpunctatus -group (Group IX) [after Rivero & Serna 1988]

        Colostethus alacris Rivero & Granados Diaz, 1990

        Colostethus borjai Rivero & Serna, 2000

        Colostethus breviquartus Rivero & Serna, 1986

        Colostethus marmoreoventris Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus pinguis Rivero & Granados Diaz, 1990

        Colostethus poecilonotus Rivero, 1991

        Colostethus ranoides (Boulenger, 1918) Silverstone, 1971 [transferred from Group II]
            Dendrobates ranoides Boulenger, 1918
            Colostethus ranoides (Boulenger) Silverstone, 1971

        Colostethus subpunctatus (Cope, 1899) Edwards, 1971 [transferred from Group VI]
            Prostherapis subpunctatus Cope, 1899
            Prostherapis variabilis Werner, ????]
            Prostherapis tarsalis Werner, 1916
            Phyllobates subpunctatus (Cope) Barbour & Noble, 1920
            Phyllobates subpunctatus walesi Cochran & Goin, 1970
            Phyllobates subpunctatus subpunctatus (Cope) Cochran & Goin, 1970
            Colostethus variabilis (Werner) Edwards, 1971

        Colostethus yaguara Rivero & Serna, 1991

    Colostethus ramosi -group (Group X) [after Grant & Ardila-Robayo, 2002]

       Colostethus cevallosi Rivero, 1991 [transferred from Group IX ]

       Colostethus exasperatus Duellman & Lynch, 1988
            Colostethus parcus Rivero, 1991

       Colostethus fascianiger Grant & Castro, 1998
            Colostethus fascianigrus lapsus calami

       Colostethus lehmanni Silverstone, 1971 [transferred from Group VI]

       Colostethus ramosi Silverstone, 1971

       Colostethus saltuarius Grant & Ardilla-Robayo, 2002

Reference(s):