After Nelson, 1994, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]

<==o Harpagiferidae [incl. Artedidraconidae] (plunderfishes) [5/29]
   |--o Harpagifer [Harpagiferinae] (spiny plunderfishes) [N: 5] [FB: 6]
   |  |-- H. antarcticus Nybelin, 1947 (Antarctic spiny plunderfish)
   |  |-- H. bispinis (Forster, 1801) (Magellan plunderfish)
   |  |-- H. georgianus Nybelin, 1947 (South Georgia spiny plunderfish)
   |  |-- H. kerguelensis Nybelin, 1947 (Kerguelen spiny plunderfish)
   |  |-- H. palliolatus Richardson, 1845 (Crested spiny plunderfish)
   |  `-- H. spinosus Hureau, Louis, Tomo & Ozouf, 1980 (Deep-water spiny plunderfish)
   `--o Artedidraconinae (barbeled plunderfishes) [4/25]
      |--o Artedidraco [5]
      |  |-- A. loennbergi Roule, 1913
      |  |-- A. mirus Lönnberg, 1905
      |  |-- A. orianae Regan, 1914
      |  |-- A. shackletoni Waite, 1911
      |  `-- A. skottsbergi Lönnberg, 1905
      |-- Dolloidraco longedorsalis Roule, 1913
      |-- Histiodraco velifer (Regan, 1914)
      `--o Pogonophryne [18]
         |-- P. barsukovi Andriashev, 1967
         |-- P. curtilemma Balushkin, 1988
         |-- P. dewitti Eakin, 1988
         |-- P. dolichobranchiata Andriashev, 1967
         |-- P. eakini Balushkin, 1999
         |-- P. immaculata Eakin, 1981
         |-- P. lanceobarbata Eakin, 1987
         |-- P. macropogon Eakin, 1981
         |-- P. marmorata Norman, 1938 (Marbled plunderfish)
         |-- P. mentella Andriashev, 1967
         |-- P. orangiensis Eakin & Balushkin, 1998
         |-- P. orcadensis Tomo, 1981
         |-- P. permitini Andriashev, 1967
         |-- P. phyllopogon Andriashev, 1967
         |-- P. platypogon Eakin, 1988
         |-- P. scotti Regan, 1914
         |-- P. velifera Eakin, 1981
         `-- P. ventrimaculata Eakin, 1987

Note:

FishBase deals this family as two separate families; Artedidraconidae and Harpagiferidae. I have here decided to follow Nelson (1994), and recognize them as subfamilies in the family Harpagiferidae.

Reference(s):