After Kullander, 1995-2002, and Rícan & Kullander, 2003, with species from Froese & Pauly, 2001- [“The Fishbase”]
<==o Heroini (heroine cichlids) |-- Hoplarchus psittacus (Heckel, 1840) `--+--+--o “Cichlasoma” atromaculatum -group | | `-- “Cichlasoma” atromaculatum Regan, 1912 | `--o Caquetaia ()? [4] | |-- C. kraussii (Steindachner, 1878) | |-- C. myersi (Schultz, 1944) | |-- C. spectabilis (Steindachner, 1875) | `-- C. umbrifera (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913) (Turquiose cichlid) `--+--o “Cichlasoma” facetum -group [Kullander, 1998] | |-- “C.” facetum (Jenyns, 1842) [Heros autochton Günther; Heros jenynsii Steindachner; Heros acaroides Hensel; Chromys oblonga Castelnau] (Chameleon cichlid) | |-- “C.” scitulum Rícan & Kullander, 2003 | `-- “C.” tembe Casciotta, Gómez & Toresani, 1995 `--+--o Hypselecara ()? [2] | |-- H. coryphaenoides (Heckel, 1840) | `-- H. temporalis (Günther, 1862) (Emerald cichlid) `--+-- Heroina isonycterina Kullander, 1996 `--+--o Symphysodon (kiekkokalat) [2] | |-- S. discus Heckel, 1840 (kiekkokala; Red discus) | `--o S. aequifasciata Pellegrin, 1904 (viherkiekkokala; Blue discus) | |-- S. a. axelrodi (ruskokiekkokala) | `-- S. a. haraldi (sinikiekkokala; blue discus) `--+--+--o Uaru ()? [2] | | |-- U. amphiacanthoides Heckel, 1840 (Uaru) | | `-- U. fernandezyepezi Stawikowski, 1989 | `--o Heros ()? [4] | |-- H. efasciatus Heckel, 1840 | |-- H. notatus Jardine, 1843 | |-- H. severus Heckel, 1840 (vannekirjoahven; Banded cichlid) | `-- H. spurius Heckel, 1840 `--+--o Pterophyllum (lehtikalat; freshwater angelfishes) [3] | |-- P. altum Pellegrin, 1903 (lippulehtikala) | |-- P. leopoldi (Gosse, 1963) [P. dumerilii??] (pikkulehtikala) | `-- P. scalare (Lichtenstein, 1823) (lehtikala; Freshwater angelfish) `--o Mesonauta ()? [6] |-- M. acora (Castelnau, 1855) |-- M. egregius Kullander & Silfvergrip, 1991 |-- M. festivus (Heckel, 1840) (viivakirjoahven; Flag cichlid) |-- M. guyanae Schindler, 1998 |-- M. insignis (Heckel, 1840) `-- M. mirificus Kullander & Silfvergrip, 1991
Reference(s):
- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds), 2001: FishBase.
–iNet: www.fishbase.org - Kullander, S. O., 1995-2002: Phylogeny of major groups of cichlids. (Updated: 2002-04-12)
–iNet: Swedish Museum of Natural History: Guide to the South American Cichlidae: http://www2.nrm.se/ve/pisces/acara/cichphyl.shtml; [visited: 2005-03-11] - Lahti, S., Malmström, K. K., Koli, L., Leikola, A., Syrjämäki, J. & Lahti, J., 1980: Zoo, Suuri Eläinkirja 5: Kalat, sammakkoeläimet, matelijat.
–Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, Porvoo-Helsinki-Juva, 1980.
Original work [in French]: Beauté Du Monde Animal: IX Reptiles/Amphibiens & X Poissons.
–Rizzoli Editore, Milano, 1968. - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600 - Rícan, O. & Kullander, S. O., 2003: ‘Cichlasoma’ scitulum: A new Species of Cichlid Fish from the Río de La Plata Region in Argentina, Bracil, and Uruguay.
–Copeia: Vol. 103, #4, pp. 794-802 - Varjo, M., 2001: Akvaario-opas. [Aquarium Guide]
–AquaGeo & Gummerus Kirjapaino Oy, Jyväskylä, 2001, 1-143