After Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]
<==o Syngnathus [Siphonostoma] M. Eoc. Plioc. Eu. Mioc. NA. Plioc. NAf. R. Oc. ()? [28] |-- †S. heckeli |-- S. abaster Risso, 1827 |-- S. acus Linnaeus, 1758 (isoneula; Greater pipefish) |-- S. affinis Günther, 1870 (Texas pipefish) |-- S. auliscus (Swain, 1882) (Barred pipefish) |-- S. californiensis Storer, 1845 (Kelp pipefish) |-- S. caribbaeus Dawson, 1979 (Caribbean pipefish) |-- S. carinatus (Gilbert, 1892) |-- S. euchrous Fritzsche, 1980 (Chocolate pipefish) |-- S. exilis (Osburn & Nichols, 1916) (Barcheek pipefish) |-- S. floridae (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) (Dusky pipefish) |-- S. fuscus Storer, 1839 (Northern pipefish) |-- S. insulae Fritzsche, 1980 |-- S. leptorhynchus Girard, 1854 (Bay pipefish) |-- S. louisianae Günther, 1870 (Chain pipefish) |-- S. macrobrachium Fritzsche, 1980 |-- S. macrophthalmus Duncker, 1915 |-- S. pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758 (Sargassum pipefish) |-- S. phlegon Risso, 1827 |-- S. rostellatus Nilsson, 1855 (Nilsson's pipefish) |-- S. schlegeli Kaup, 1856 (Seaweed pipefish) |-- S. schmidti Popov, 1927 |-- S. scovelli (Evermann & Kendall, 1896) (Gulf pipefish) |-- S. springeri Herald, 1942 (Bull pipefish) |-- S. taenionotus Canestrini, 1871 |-- S. tenuirostris Rathke, 1837 (Narrow-snouted pipefish) |-- S. typhle Linnaeus, 1758 (Broad-nosed pipefish) |-- S. variegatus Pallas, 1814 `-- S. watermeyeri Smith, 1963 (River pipefish)
Reference(s):
- Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas – Fishes.
–Mergus – Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A. Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1-1088 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600