After Nelson, 1994, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]

<==o Rivulinae (new world rivulines) [N: 12/125] [FB: 25/205]
   |--o Aphyolebias [?Cynolebias] [4]
   |  |-- A. obliquus (Costa, Sarmiento & Barrera, 1996)
   |  |-- A. peruensis (Myers, 1954) (Peruvian longfin)
   |  |-- A. rubrocaudatus (Seegers, 1984)
   |  `-- A. wischmanni (Seegers, 1983)
   |--o Austrofundulus [Cynolebias] [2]
   |  |-- A. limnaeus Schultz, 1949
   |  `-- A. transilis Myers, 1932
   |--o Austrolebias [?Cynolebias] [19]
   |  |-- A. adloffi (Ahl, 1922)
   |  |-- A. affinis (Amato, 1986)
   |  |-- A. alexandri (Castello & Lopez, 1974)
   |  |-- A. bellottii (Steindachner, 1881) (smaragdikala; Argentine pearlfish)
   |  |-- A. carvalhoi (Myers, 1947)
   |  |-- A. cyaneus (Amato, 1987)
   |  |-- A. duraznensis (García, Scvortzoff & Hernández, 1995)
   |  |-- A. gymnoventris (Amato, 1986)
   |  |-- A. ibicuiensis (Costa, 1999)
   |  |-- A. luteoflammulatus (Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra & Scaglia, 1964)
   |  |-- A. melanoorus (Amato, 1986)
   |  |-- A. nigripinnis (Regan, 1912) Blackfin pearlfish
   |  |-- A. nioni (Berkenkamp, Reichert & Prieto, 1997)
   |  |-- A. patriciae (Huber, 1995)
   |  |-- A. periodicus (Costa, 1999)
   |  |-- A. robustus (Günther, 1883)
   |  |-- A. vandenbergi (Huber, 1995)
   |  |-- A. vazferreirai (Berkenkamp, Etzel, Reichert & Salvia, 1994)
   |  `-- A. viarius (Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra & Scaglia, 1964)
   |--o Campellolebias [3]
   |  |-- C. brucei Vaz-Ferreira & Sierra, 1974 (Swordfin killifish)
   |  |-- C. chrysolineatus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1989
   |  `-- C. dorsimaculatus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1989
   |--o Cynolebias [?Aphyolebias, ?Austrolebias, Austrofundulus] [N: 35] [FB: 7]
   |  |-- C. albipunctatus Costa & Brasil, 1991
   |  |-- C. gilbertoi Costa, 1998
   |  |-- C. griseus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1990
   |  |-- C. leptocephalus Costa & Brasil, 1993
   |  |-- C. microphthalmus Costa & Brasil, 1995
   |  |-- C. perforatus Costa & Brasil, 1991
   |  `-- C. porosus Steindachner, 1876
   |-- Cynopoecilus melanotaenia (Regan, 1912)
   |--o Gnatholebias [2]
   |  |-- G. hoignei (Thomerson, 1974)
   |  `-- G. zonatus (Myers, 1935)
   |-- Leptolebias [9]
   |  |-- L. aureoguttatus (da Cruz, 1974)
   |  |-- L. citrinipinnis (Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki, 1988)
   |  |-- L. cruzi (Costa, 1988)
   |  |-- L. fractifasciatus (Costa, 1988)
   |  |-- L. leitaoi (da Cruz & Peixoto, 1992)
   |  |-- L. marmoratus (Ladiges, 1934) (Marbled pearlfish)
   |  |-- L. minimus (Myers, 1942) (Barredtail pearlfish)
   |  |-- L. opalescens (Myers, 1942) (Opal pearlfish)
   |  `-- L. splendens (Myers, 1942) (Splendid pearlfish)
   |--o Maratecoara [2]
   |  |-- M. formosa Costa & Brasil, 1995
   |  `-- M. lacortei (Lazara, 1990)
   |--o Megalebias [5]
   |  |-- M. cheradophilus (Vaz-Ferreira, Sierra & Scaglia, 1964)
   |  |-- M. elongatus (Steindachner, 1881)
   |  |-- M. monstrosus (Huber, 1995)
   |  |-- M. prognathus (Amato, 1986)
   |  `-- M. wolterstorffi (Ahl, 1924)
   |-- Micromoema xiphophorus (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992)
   |--o Moema [4]
   |  |-- M. pepotei Costa, 1993
   |  |-- M. piriana Costa, 1989
   |  |-- M. portugali Costa, 1989
   |  `-- M. staecki (Seegers, 1987)
   |--o Nematolebias [2]
   |  |-- N. myersi (Carvalho, 1971)
   |  `-- N. whitei (Myers, 1942) (Rio pearlfish)
   |--o Neofundulus [5]
   |  |-- N. acutirostratus Costa, 1992
   |  |-- N. guaporensis Costa, 1988
   |  |-- N. ornatipinnis Myers, 1935
   |  |-- N. paraguayensis (Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903)
   |  `-- N. parvipinnis Costa, 1988
   |-- Papiliolebias bitteri (Costa, 1990)
   |-- Pituna compacta (Myers, 1927)
   |--o Pterolebias [7]
   |  |-- P. aruana (Lazara, 1990)
   |  |-- P. glaucopterus (Costa & Lacerda, 1988)
   |  |-- P. lacerdai Costa, 1989
   |  |-- P. xavantei (Costa, Lacerda & Tanizaki, 1988)
   |  |-- P. bokermanni Travassos, 1955
   |  |-- P. longipinnis Garman, 1895 (Longfin killie)
   |  `-- P. phasianus Costa, 1988
   |--o Rachovia [5]
   |  |-- R. brevis (Regan, 1912)
   |  |-- R. hummelincki de Beaufort, 1940
   |  |-- R. maculipinnis (Radda, 1964)
   |  |-- R. pyropunctata Taphorn & Thomerson, 1978
   |  `-- R. stellifer (Thomerson & Turner, 1973)
   |-- Renova oscari Thomerson & Taphorn , 1995
   |-- Rivulus [N: 65] [FB: 91]
   |-- Simpsonichthys [23]
   |-- Spectrolebias semiocellatus Costa & Nielsen, 1997
   |--o Stenolebias [2]
   |  |-- S. bellus Costa, 1995
   |  `-- S. damascenoi (Costa, 1991)
   |-- Terranatos dolichopterus (Weitzman & Wourms, 1967) [Terranatus] (Saberfin killie)
   `--o Trigonectes [6]
      |-- T. aplocheiloides Huber, 1995
      |-- T. balzanii (Perugia, 1891)
      |-- T. macrophthalmus Costa, 1990
      |-- T. rogoaguae (Pearson & Myers, 1924)
      |-- T. rubromarginatus Costa, 1990
      `-- T. strigabundus Myers, 1925

Reference(s):