After Nelson, 1994, with Recent species from Froese & Pauly, 2001 [“The Fishbase”]

<==o Synaphobranchidae [incl. Dysommatidae; Todaridae] (cutthroat eels & arrowtooth eels; petoankeriaat)
   |-- Simenchelys parasitica Gill, 1879 [Simenchelyinae] (töppöankerias; Snubnose parasitic ell)
   |--o Ilyophinae [Dysommatinae; Todaridae] (arrowtooth eels; piikkihammasankeriaat)
   |  |-- Atractodenchelys
   |  |--o Dysomma [Dysommopsis, Nettodarus]
   |  |  |-- D. anguillare Barnard, 1923 (Shortbelly eel)
   |  |  |-- D. brevirostre (Facciolà, 1887) (Pignosed arrowtooth eel)
   |  |  |-- D. bucephalus Alcock, 1889
   |  |  |-- D. dolichosomatum Karrer, 1982
   |  |  |-- D. fuscoventralis Karrer & Klausewitz, 1982
   |  |  |-- D. goslinei Robins & Robins, 1976
   |  |  |-- D. longirostrum Chen & Mok, 2001
   |  |  |-- D. melanurum Chen & Weng, 1967
   |  |  |-- D. muciparus (Alcock, 1891)
   |  |  |-- D. opisthoproctus Chen & Mok, 1995
   |  |  |-- D. polycatodon Karrer, 1982
   |  |  `-- D. tridens Robins, Böhlke & Robins, 1989
   |  |-- Dysommina rugosa Ginsburg, 1951
   |  |--o Ilyophis
   |  |  |-- I. arx Robins, 1976
   |  |  |-- I. blachei Saldanha & Merrett, 1982
   |  |  |-- I. brunneus Gilbert, 1891 (Muddy arrowtooth eel)
   |  |  |-- I. nigeli Shcherbachev & Sulak, 1997
   |  |  `-- I. robinsae Sulak & Shcherbachev, 1997
   |  |?- Linkenchelys
   |  `-- Thermobiotes mytelogeiton Geistdoerfer, 1991
   `--o Synaphobranchinae (cutthroat eels; petoankeriaat)
      |-- Haptenchelys texis Robins & Martin, 1976
      `--+?- Diastobranchus capensis Barnard, 1923 [=? Synaphobranchus] (Basketwork eel)
         |?-o Meadia [=? Synaphobranchus] ()? [2]
         |  |-- M. abyssalis (Kamohara, 1938) (Abyssal cutthroat eel)
         |  `-- M. roseni Mok, Lee & Chan, 1991
         `--o Synaphobranchus [Diastobranchus, Histiobranchus] ()? [Nelson: 8 recent species] [Fishbase: 6]
            |-- S. affinis Günther, 1877 (Grey cutthroat)
            |-- S. bathybius Günther, 1877 (Deepwater arrowtooth eel)
            |-- S. brevidorsalis Günther, 1887 (Shortdorsal cutthroat eel)
            |-- S. bruuni (Castle, 1964) (Bruun's cutthroat)
            |-- S. kaupii Johnson, 1862 (Kaup's arrowtooth eel)
            `-- S. oregoni Castle, 1960

Reference(s):