Vitamin
C and ICU, sepsis, COVID-19
by
Harri Hemilä
- Meta-analyses
- Re-analyses of studies on vitamin C and critical illness
- Short commentaries
- Comments on flawed analyses and editorials on vitamin C and critical illness
Meta-analyses
Vitamin C may reduce the duration
of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: a meta-regression
analysis
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
J Intensive Care 2020
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40560-020-0432-y
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc7006137
Vitamin
C can shorten the length of stay in the ICU: a meta-analysis.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Nutrients 2019
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040708
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521194
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30934660
Re-analyses of studies on vitamin C and critical illness
Reanalysis of the LOVIT trial
Abrupt termination of vitamin C from ICU patients may increase mortality: secondary analysis of the LOVIT trial.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-022-01254-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc10115628
Reanalysis of the CITRIS-ALI trial
Reanalysis of the effect
of vitamin C on mortality in the CITRIS-ALI trial: important findings
dismissed in the trial report.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2020
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.590853
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc7575729
Reanalysis of the COVID A to Z trial
Vitamin
C may increase the recovery rate of outpatient cases of SARS-CoV-2
infection by 70%: reanalysis of the COVID A to Z randomized clinical
trial.
Hemilä H, Carr A, Chalker E.
Front Immunol. 2021
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.674681
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8141621
Analyses of COVID-19
and sepsis trials and discussion of biased editorials in JAMA about
vitamin C and sepsis
Bias against
vitamin C in
mainstream medicine: examples from trials of vitamin C for infections.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Life (Basel). 2022
https://doi.org/10.3390/life12010062
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8779885
Flaws
in a Mendelian randomization study on vitamin C and COVID-19
Assessment of vitamin C
effects on pneumonia and COVID-19 using Mendelian randomization:
analysis may be misleading.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-022-01091-9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8853427
Spectacular reduction in
the mortality of acutely injured patients by the administration of
vitamins C and E and selenium.
Hemilä H.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009
https://doi.org/10.1177/0148607108328520
https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/16985
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila//h/2009_L_JPEN.pdf
Reanalysis of a rat study on
vitamin C effect on endotoxin toxicity
The protective effect of vitamins a and C on endotoxin-induced
oxidative renal tissue damage in rats.
Hemilä H.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2006
https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.208.99
Short commentaries
Vitamin C and COVID-19.
Hemilä H, de Man AME.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.559811
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc7848027
Vitamin C as a Possible
Therapy for COVID-19.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Infect Chemother. 2020
https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2020.52.2.222
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc7335649
Vitamin C and SARS coronavirus.
Hemilä
H.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkh002
https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/225886
Comments on flawed analyses and editorials on vitamin C and critical illness
Misleading findings in Dresen's review on vitamin C for critical illness
https://pubpeer.com/publications/2C4D925EB3E88C3305E7DED31D2F53#1
- Comments on:
- Dresen E, Lee ZY, Hill A, Notz Q, Patel JJ, Stoppe C.
- History of scurvy and use of vitamin C in critical illness: A narrative review.
- Nutr Clin Pract.2023;38(1):46-54.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36156315
Benefit of
OTC formula against COVID-19 is explained by selection bias.
Hemilä H.
J Evid Based
Integr Med. 2021
https://doi.org/10.1177/2515690x211058417
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8591635
- Comments on:
- Margolin L, Luchins J, Margolin D, Margolin M, Lefkowitz S.
- 20-week study of clinical outcomes of over-the-counter COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment.
- J Evid Based Integr Med. 2021;26:2515690X211026193.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34225463
Vitamin C and zinc
lozenges for COVID-19?
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
J
Am Pharm Assoc. 2021
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2021.05.018
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8163692
- Comments on:
- Marwitz KK.
- The pharmacist's active role in combating COVID-19 medication misinformation.
- J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021;61(2):e71-e74.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33199166
Misleading editorial on the COVID A to Z trial
Pubpeer
https://pubpeer.com/publications/7C275B4F3B2A74D33320D4D9C37AA3#1
- Comments on:
- Michos ED, Cainzos-Achirica M.
- Supplements for the treatment of mild COVID-19 challenging health beliefs with science from A to Z.
- JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(2):e210431.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33576814
see also: https://doi.org/10.3390/life12010062
Flaws in the meta-analysis on mortality in septic patients treated with vitamin C by Scholz et al. (2021)
Pubpeer
https://pubpeer.com/publications/B48864E0668536925C58F70070746D#1
- Scholz SS, Borgstedt R, Ebeling N, Menzel LC, Jansen G, Rehberg S.
- Mortality in septic patients treated with vitamin C: a systematic meta-analysis.
- Crit Care. 2021;25(1):17.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33407793
Commentary: The long
history of vitamin C: from prevention of the common cold to potential
aid in the treatment of COVID-19.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Front Immunol. 2021
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.659001
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc8047412
- Comments on:
- Cerullo G, Negro M, Parimbelli M, Pecoraro M, Perna S, Liguori G, Rondanelli M, Cena H, D'Antona G.
- The long
history of vitamin C: from prevention of the common cold to potential
aid in the treatment of COVID-19.
- Front Immunol. 2020;11:574029.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33193359
Commentary: Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia.
Hemilä H, Chalker E.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;7:595988.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.595988
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc7854566
- Comments on:
- Padhani ZA, Moazzam Z, Ashraf A, Bilal H, Salam RA, Das JK, Bhutta ZA.
- Vitamin C supplementation for prevention and treatment of pneumonia.
- Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;4(4):CD013134.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32337708
Misleading editorial on
vitamin C in JAMA
Hemilä H
Pubpeer 2020
https://pubpeer.com/publications/07DCB1F79D50182367BF913CC69004#1
- Comments on:
-
Kalil AC.
- Lack of benefit of high-dose vitamin C, thiamine, and hydrocortisone combination for patients with sepsis.
- JAMA. 2020;323(5):419-420.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31950983
-
see also: https://doi.org/10.3390/life12010062
Biased editorial on vitamin C in JAMA
Pubpeer
https://pubpeer.com/publications/6C1E79E2B8EA7E2DEED9B46C2B717C#1
-
Comments on:
- Brant EB, Angus DC.
- Is high-dose vitamin C beneficial for patients with sepsis?
- JAMA. 2019;322(13):1257-1258.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31573621
- see also: https://doi.org/10.3390/life12010062
Statistical problems in a meta-analysis on vitamin C and critically ill patients
Pubpeer
https://pubpeer.com/publications/31E6DF677EC5A16CFBD1908ADACD15#1
- Comments on:
- Putzu A, Daems AM, Lopez-Delgado JC, Giordano VF, Landoni G.
- The
effect of vitamin C on clinical outcome in critically ill patients: a
systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Crit Care Med. 2019;47(6):774-783.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30839358
Misleading meta-analysis on vitamin C and critically ill patients
Pubpeer
https://pubpeer.com/publications/D661E94CBDF6C6A9C04B8ACCD32DFC#1
- Comments on:
- Langlois PL, Manzanares W, Adhikari NKJ, Lamontagne F, Stoppe C, Hill A, Heyland DK.
- Vitamin C administration to the critically ill: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2019;43(3):335-346.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30452091
Misleading meta-analysis on vitamin C for sepsis patients
Pubpeer
https://pubpeer.com/publications/2D26F22CEA264D1B84910D89AD26D7#1
- Comments on:
- Li J.
- Evidence is stronger than you think: a meta-analysis of vitamin C use in patients with sepsis.
- Crit Care. 2018;22(1):258.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30305111